Capital Trust Brokers
Social media
Contact information
Address

6th Floor, St Peter's House, 3 Ajele Street Lagos, Nigeria.

Email

info(at)ctb-ng.com

Phone

+234 0813 2715 018

Stock Market

NIGERIAN BREWERIES PLC

NB      27.60 NGN    -0.35 ( -1.27 %)

Open
27.95
High
27.60
Low
27.60
Close
27.60
Year High
20,230,508.00
Year Low
27.95
Volumn
20,296,082
Value
560,157,890.00

Nigerian Breweries relaunches brand

Fri, 26 Apr 2024 00:07:17 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries relaunches brand    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries To Suspend Production In 2 Plants

Thu, 25 Apr 2024 19:10:41 GMT — Leadership News
Nigerian Breweries To Suspend Production In 2 Plants    Leadership News read more

Heineken Says Its Nigerian Unit Facing Worst Downturn in History

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Bloomberg
Heineken Says Its Nigerian Unit Facing Worst Downturn in History    Bloomberg read more

NIGERIAN BREWERIES : NOTIFICATION OF PROPOSAL TO RAISE CAPITAL THROUGH RIGHTS ISSUE

Wed, 03 Apr 2024 15:26:07 GMT — Marketscreener.com
NIGERIAN BREWERIES : NOTIFICATION OF PROPOSAL TO RAISE CAPITAL THROUGH RIGHTS ISSUE    Marketscreener.com read more

Nigerian Breweries to suspend operations in two of its nine production plants

Fri, 12 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries to suspend operations in two of its nine production plants    Nairametrics read more

Why Nigerian Breweries plans to raise N600bn via rights issue

Mon, 22 Apr 2024 10:12:17 GMT — Businessday
Why Nigerian Breweries plans to raise N600bn via rights issue    Businessday read more

Nigerian Breweries indicates plans for company-wide reorganisation as part of strategic recovery plan

Sat, 13 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Premium Times
Nigerian Breweries indicates plans for company-wide reorganisation as part of strategic recovery plan    Premium Times read more

Daystar inks agreement to install solar, BESS for Nigerian Breweries

Thu, 30 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Renewables Now
Daystar inks agreement to install solar, BESS for Nigerian Breweries    Renewables Now read more

Heineken now N1,300; Life, 33, Star N850; Legend N1,250 as Nigerian Breweries releases new price list

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Peoples Gazette
Heineken now N1,300; Life, 33, Star N850; Legend N1,250 as Nigerian Breweries releases new price list    Peoples Gazette read more

Harsh Operating Environment: Nigerian Breweries To Close 2 Production Plants

Wed, 24 Apr 2024 22:17:08 GMT — Leadership News
Harsh Operating Environment: Nigerian Breweries To Close 2 Production Plants    Leadership News read more

Looming Job Losses as Nigerian Breweries Shuts Down Two Breweries Amid Record N153 Billion Loss

Thu, 18 Apr 2024 11:40:51 GMT — Legit.ng
Looming Job Losses as Nigerian Breweries Shuts Down Two Breweries Amid Record N153 Billion Loss    Legit.ng read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc (NB.ng) 2023 Annual Report

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — AfricanFinancials
Nigerian Breweries Plc (NB.ng) 2023 Annual Report    AfricanFinancials read more

Nigerian Breweries records N106bn loss, equity shrinks to lowest in years

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
Nigerian Breweries records N106bn loss, equity shrinks to lowest in years    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries to acquire 80% stake in Distell Wines and Spirits Nigeria

Tue, 21 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — FoodBev.com
Nigerian Breweries to acquire 80% stake in Distell Wines and Spirits Nigeria    FoodBev.com read more

Again, Nigerian Breweries increases prices of beer

Mon, 11 Mar 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Again, Nigerian Breweries increases prices of beer    Punch Newspapers read more

Okpekpe Road Race Organisers Renew Partnership With Nigerian Breweries, Development Bank

Thu, 25 Apr 2024 12:20:51 GMT — Leadership News
Okpekpe Road Race Organisers Renew Partnership With Nigerian Breweries, Development Bank    Leadership News read more

Nigerian Breweries honours trade partners, transporters

Sun, 04 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries honours trade partners, transporters    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries hikes prices of beer as production costs soar

Tue, 13 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries hikes prices of beer as production costs soar    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc (NB.ng) 2023 Presentation

Wed, 20 Mar 2024 07:00:00 GMT — AfricanFinancials
Nigerian Breweries Plc (NB.ng) 2023 Presentation    AfricanFinancials read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc plans closing two of nine breweries

Sat, 13 Apr 2024 08:26:20 GMT — Peoples Gazette
Nigerian Breweries Plc plans closing two of nine breweries    Peoples Gazette read more

Naira: Nigerian Breweries Releases New Prices for Gulder, 33 Extra, Heineken, Others Drinks

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Legit.ng
Naira: Nigerian Breweries Releases New Prices for Gulder, 33 Extra, Heineken, Others Drinks    Legit.ng read more

Nigerian Breweries chairman resigns, firm names replacement

Sat, 09 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries chairman resigns, firm names replacement    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries Moves to Acquire Another Wine Company, Shuts Down Two Plants

Fri, 19 Apr 2024 11:54:54 GMT — Legit.ng
Nigerian Breweries Moves to Acquire Another Wine Company, Shuts Down Two Plants    Legit.ng read more

Nigerian Breweries sinks to record N145 billion loss

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Premium Times
Nigerian Breweries sinks to record N145 billion loss    Premium Times read more

2024 Outlook: Nigeria’s Market Fundamentals Remain Positive – Nigerian Breweries MD

Thu, 18 Apr 2024 09:47:18 GMT — MarketForces Africa
2024 Outlook: Nigeria’s Market Fundamentals Remain Positive – Nigerian Breweries MD    MarketForces Africa read more

NB signs 15-year solar deal with power firm

Sat, 25 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
NB signs 15-year solar deal with power firm    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc Declares N106.31bn loss in 2023 Audited Results,(SP:N38)

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 15:18:42 GMT — Proshare
Nigerian Breweries Plc Declares N106.31bn loss in 2023 Audited Results,(SP:N38)    Proshare read more

Many Nigerians can no longer afford beer – NB CEO

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Many Nigerians can no longer afford beer – NB CEO    Punch Newspapers read more

Over 370 Workers Exit Nigerian Breweries As Dollar Scarcity Pushes Company's Loss To N106.3bn

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — The Whistler Newspaper
Over 370 Workers Exit Nigerian Breweries As Dollar Scarcity Pushes Company's Loss To N106.3bn    The Whistler Newspaper read more

FY 2023 Results: Highlights from Investor Call with Nigerian Breweries Plc

Wed, 21 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Proshare
FY 2023 Results: Highlights from Investor Call with Nigerian Breweries Plc    Proshare read more

Nigerian Breweries suffers N153bn forex loss over naira devaluation

Sun, 18 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries suffers N153bn forex loss over naira devaluation    Punch Newspapers read more

NB Plc announces plans for company-wide reorganisation, strategic recovery plan

Fri, 12 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Premium Times
NB Plc announces plans for company-wide reorganisation, strategic recovery plan    Premium Times read more

Nigerian Breweries to Temporarily Shut Down Two Plants

Wed, 17 Apr 2024 04:23:40 GMT — THISDAY Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries to Temporarily Shut Down Two Plants    THISDAY Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries to shut down two plants

Wed, 17 Apr 2024 06:17:54 GMT — Premium Times
Nigerian Breweries to shut down two plants    Premium Times read more

NB shareholders okay acquisition of wine firm

Fri, 22 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
NB shareholders okay acquisition of wine firm    Punch Newspapers read more

2023 full year results: Nigerian Breweries records N106bn loss despite an operating profit of N44.5bn

Fri, 16 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Premium Times
2023 full year results: Nigerian Breweries records N106bn loss despite an operating profit of N44.5bn    Premium Times read more

Inflation: Nigerian Breweries Makes Another Price Adjustment In 2 Months

Mon, 11 Mar 2024 13:18:53 GMT — Leadership News
Inflation: Nigerian Breweries Makes Another Price Adjustment In 2 Months    Leadership News read more

2023 Full Year Results: Nigerian Breweries records N106 billion loss despite an operating profit of N44.5 billion

Fri, 16 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
2023 Full Year Results: Nigerian Breweries records N106 billion loss despite an operating profit of N44.5 billion    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries increases price of products for the second time in two months

Mon, 11 Mar 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries increases price of products for the second time in two months    Nairametrics read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc - Thoughts from the Lagos Brewery Tour

Wed, 21 Feb 2024 19:36:18 GMT — Proshare
Nigerian Breweries Plc - Thoughts from the Lagos Brewery Tour    Proshare read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc Proposal to Raise Capital Through Rights Issue

Thu, 04 Apr 2024 17:37:24 GMT — Proshare
Nigerian Breweries Plc Proposal to Raise Capital Through Rights Issue    Proshare read more

Nigerian Breweries posts first loss in 11 years despite price hike

Thu, 22 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Businessday
Nigerian Breweries posts first loss in 11 years despite price hike    Businessday read more

Naira devaluation: Nigerian Breweries to raise N600bn through rights issue

Wed, 03 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Naira devaluation: Nigerian Breweries to raise N600bn through rights issue    Punch Newspapers read more

Pricing: Why is Multichoice public enemy number one?

Sat, 20 Apr 2024 20:48:00 GMT — TheCable
Pricing: Why is Multichoice public enemy number one?    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries to complete 80% acquisition of Distell Wines & Spirits in two months

Wed, 17 Apr 2024 17:01:31 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries to complete 80% acquisition of Distell Wines & Spirits in two months    Nairametrics read more

Inflation, naira devaluation and others to affect Nigeria Breweries’ short-term financial performance -MD Essaadi

Thu, 18 Apr 2024 08:40:23 GMT — Nairametrics
Inflation, naira devaluation and others to affect Nigeria Breweries’ short-term financial performance -MD Essaadi    Nairametrics read more

Nigerian Breweries shareholders approve acquisition of Heineken import business

Thu, 21 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
Nigerian Breweries shareholders approve acquisition of Heineken import business    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries plans to increase prices of drinks next week

Tue, 13 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Pulse Nigeria
Nigerian Breweries plans to increase prices of drinks next week    Pulse Nigeria read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc (NB.ng) 2022 Presentation

Tue, 19 Sep 2023 07:00:00 GMT — AfricanFinancials
Nigerian Breweries Plc (NB.ng) 2022 Presentation    AfricanFinancials read more

Nigerian Breweries to raise N600bn via Rights Issuance

Mon, 08 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Tribune Online
Nigerian Breweries to raise N600bn via Rights Issuance    Tribune Online read more

Nigerian Breweries records N402bn revenue in nine months

Tue, 31 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries records N402bn revenue in nine months    Punch Newspapers read more

Champion Breweries Plc (CHAMPB.ng) 2023 Annual Report

Mon, 08 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — AfricanFinancials
Champion Breweries Plc (CHAMPB.ng) 2023 Annual Report    AfricanFinancials read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc celebrates trade partners, transporters in grand style

Mon, 05 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Pulse Nigeria
Nigerian Breweries Plc celebrates trade partners, transporters in grand style    Pulse Nigeria read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc records N10.319 billion pre-tax loss in Q3, due to devaluation of naira, inflation and high interest rates

Thu, 26 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries Plc records N10.319 billion pre-tax loss in Q3, due to devaluation of naira, inflation and high interest rates    Nairametrics read more

Massive Job Loses Looms As Nigerian Breweries Shutdown Two Factories

Wed, 17 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — The Whistler Newspaper
Massive Job Loses Looms As Nigerian Breweries Shutdown Two Factories    The Whistler Newspaper read more

Again, Nigerian Breweries Increase Prices Of Beer

Tue, 12 Mar 2024 07:00:00 GMT — New Telegraph Newspaper
Again, Nigerian Breweries Increase Prices Of Beer    New Telegraph Newspaper read more

NB Plc signs 15-year solar power pact with Daystar Power Energy Solutions

Sat, 25 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Businessday
NB Plc signs 15-year solar power pact with Daystar Power Energy Solutions    Businessday read more

Nigerian Breweries names corporate communications head

Wed, 06 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries names corporate communications head    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries Graduate Management Development Scheme 2024 for young Nigerian graduates. – Opportunities ...

Mon, 22 Jan 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Opportunities For Africans
Nigerian Breweries Graduate Management Development Scheme 2024 for young Nigerian graduates. – Opportunities ...    Opportunities For Africans read more

Nigerian Breweries increases prices of products, cites 'rising input costs'

Tue, 13 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
Nigerian Breweries increases prices of products, cites 'rising input costs'    TheCable read more

NB seeks shareholders’ approval for acquisition

Sat, 18 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
NB seeks shareholders’ approval for acquisition    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries Announces Price Hike Effective August 10, 2023, Amidst Economic Challenges

Thu, 10 Aug 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries Announces Price Hike Effective August 10, 2023, Amidst Economic Challenges    Nairametrics read more

NB completes Distell Wines acquisition June, Heineken shuts two plants

Thu, 18 Apr 2024 01:24:26 GMT — Punch Newspapers
NB completes Distell Wines acquisition June, Heineken shuts two plants    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries reports N57 billion loss after big blow from naira devaluation

Wed, 25 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Premium Times
Nigerian Breweries reports N57 billion loss after big blow from naira devaluation    Premium Times read more

Nigerian Breweries explains loss of N106bn in 2023

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — P.M. News
Nigerian Breweries explains loss of N106bn in 2023    P.M. News read more

Nigerian Breweries Graduate Management Development Scheme 2023 for young Nigerian graduates. – Opportunities ...

Tue, 31 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Opportunities For Africans
Nigerian Breweries Graduate Management Development Scheme 2023 for young Nigerian graduates. – Opportunities ...    Opportunities For Africans read more

Nigerian Breweries Company Increases Prices Of Beer Over Rising Costs Of Importation

Wed, 14 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — SaharaReporters.com
Nigerian Breweries Company Increases Prices Of Beer Over Rising Costs Of Importation    SaharaReporters.com read more

Nigerian Breweries Plc announces Board changes

Mon, 11 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Tribune Online
Nigerian Breweries Plc announces Board changes    Tribune Online read more

Nigerian Breweries to Raise N600bn via Rights Issue

Fri, 05 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — THISDAY Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries to Raise N600bn via Rights Issue    THISDAY Newspapers read more

FULL LIST: Nigerian Breweries releases new prices of drinks

Mon, 19 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — The Nation Newspaper
FULL LIST: Nigerian Breweries releases new prices of drinks    The Nation Newspaper read more

‘Consumers no longer able to afford beer’ — Nigerian Breweries CEO speaks on FX crisis

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
‘Consumers no longer able to afford beer’ — Nigerian Breweries CEO speaks on FX crisis    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries records N106bn loss in 2023

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Tribune Online
Nigerian Breweries records N106bn loss in 2023    Tribune Online read more

Nigeria Breweries records N106 billion loss, CEO says consumers no longer able to afford Goldberg

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigeria Breweries records N106 billion loss, CEO says consumers no longer able to afford Goldberg    Nairametrics read more

2023 Full Year Results: Nigerian Breweries Records N106 Billion Loss Despite An Operating Profit Of N44.5 Billion

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
2023 Full Year Results: Nigerian Breweries Records N106 Billion Loss Despite An Operating Profit Of N44.5 Billion    Nairametrics read more

After Declaring N100m Loss, 86.5% Stake in Champion Breweries Plc to be Acquired by EnjoyCorp

Fri, 01 Mar 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Legit.ng
After Declaring N100m Loss, 86.5% Stake in Champion Breweries Plc to be Acquired by EnjoyCorp    Legit.ng read more

Nigerian Breweries increases prices of products

Tue, 13 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Guardian Nigeria
Nigerian Breweries increases prices of products    Guardian Nigeria read more

Asue Ighodalo resigns as Nigerian Breweries chairman effective Dec. 31

Fri, 08 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Businessday
Asue Ighodalo resigns as Nigerian Breweries chairman effective Dec. 31    Businessday read more

Nigerian Breweries Celebrates Trade Partners, Transporters

Mon, 05 Feb 2024 09:02:55 GMT — Leadership News
Nigerian Breweries Celebrates Trade Partners, Transporters    Leadership News read more

Nigerian Breweries fails to impress investors with N78.2bn Q3 pre-tax loss

Thu, 26 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Businessday
Nigerian Breweries fails to impress investors with N78.2bn Q3 pre-tax loss    Businessday read more

Analysts Upgrade Nigerian Breweries to Buy, Raise Target Price

Thu, 21 Mar 2024 07:00:00 GMT — MarketForces Africa
Analysts Upgrade Nigerian Breweries to Buy, Raise Target Price    MarketForces Africa read more

Nigerian Breweries announces price hike amid rising production costs

Mon, 12 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries announces price hike amid rising production costs    Nairametrics read more

Nigerian Breweries to Pay N7.01bn for DSWN

Tue, 21 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — MarketForces Africa
Nigerian Breweries to Pay N7.01bn for DSWN    MarketForces Africa read more

Nigerian Breweries gets shareholders’ approval for 80% acquisition of Distell Wines & Spirits Nigeria Limited

Thu, 21 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries gets shareholders’ approval for 80% acquisition of Distell Wines & Spirits Nigeria Limited    Nairametrics read more

Nigerian Breweries shareholders approve acquisition of Distell Nigeria

Thu, 21 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Businessday
Nigerian Breweries shareholders approve acquisition of Distell Nigeria    Businessday read more

Nigerian Breweries seeks shareholders' approval to acquire 80% of Heineken's subsidiary

Sat, 18 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
Nigerian Breweries seeks shareholders' approval to acquire 80% of Heineken's subsidiary    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries’ director resigns

Wed, 11 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Punch Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries’ director resigns    Punch Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries Set for Second Price Increase in 27 Days

Tue, 12 Mar 2024 07:00:00 GMT — THISDAY Newspapers
Nigerian Breweries Set for Second Price Increase in 27 Days    THISDAY Newspapers read more

Nigerian Breweries seeks shareholders’ approval for 80% acquisition of Distell Wines & Spirits Nigeria Limited

Sat, 18 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigerian Breweries seeks shareholders’ approval for 80% acquisition of Distell Wines & Spirits Nigeria Limited    Nairametrics read more

Edo election: Ighodalo resigns as Nigerian Breweries chair, Hiemstra to take over

Fri, 08 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT — TheCable
Edo election: Ighodalo resigns as Nigerian Breweries chair, Hiemstra to take over    TheCable read more

Nigerian Breweries to raise N600bn via Rights Issuance

Wed, 03 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT — Tribune Online
Nigerian Breweries to raise N600bn via Rights Issuance    Tribune Online read more

Acquisition: Nigerian Breweries Requests Meeting with Shareholders

Fri, 17 Nov 2023 08:00:00 GMT — MarketForces Africa
Acquisition: Nigerian Breweries Requests Meeting with Shareholders    MarketForces Africa read more

Nigerian Breweries Increases Prices of Its Products, Gives Reason for Action

Wed, 14 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Legit.ng
Nigerian Breweries Increases Prices of Its Products, Gives Reason for Action    Legit.ng read more

Nigeria Breweries announces resignation of Mrs. Yeliz Yedikardesler as Director

Tue, 10 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
Nigeria Breweries announces resignation of Mrs. Yeliz Yedikardesler as Director    Nairametrics read more

Here is How the Nigerian Breweries Rewarded Trade Partners and Transporters

Tue, 06 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — BellaNaija
Here is How the Nigerian Breweries Rewarded Trade Partners and Transporters    BellaNaija read more

Nigerian Breweries fetes trade partners, rewards 75 distributors, others

Thu, 08 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — Vanguard
Nigerian Breweries fetes trade partners, rewards 75 distributors, others    Vanguard read more

Nigerian Breweries to Increase Price of Beer From Feb. 19

Thu, 15 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT — New Telegraph Newspaper
Nigerian Breweries to Increase Price of Beer From Feb. 19    New Telegraph Newspaper read more

NB PLC records N402 billion revenue in Nine Months

Fri, 27 Oct 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Nairametrics
NB PLC records N402 billion revenue in Nine Months    Nairametrics read more

Nigerian Breweries announces hike in price of beers amid economic challenges

Wed, 02 Aug 2023 07:00:00 GMT — Vanguard
Nigerian Breweries announces hike in price of beers amid economic challenges    Vanguard read more